Java Method Signature

A method signature is part of the method declaration. It is the combination of the method name and the parameter list.
The reason for the emphasis on just the method name and parameter list is because of overloading. It's the ability to write methods that have the same name but accept different parameters.
The Java compiler is able to discern the difference between the methods through their method signatures.

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Examples:

public void setMapReference(int xCoordinate, int yCoordinate)
{
  //method code
}

The method signature is setMapReference(int, int) - i.e., the method name and the parameter list of two integers. The Java compiler will let us add another method like so:

public void setMapReference(Point position)
{
  //method code
}