Android tutorial - Android Bluetooth - android app development - android studio - android development tutorial
Learn android - android tutorial - Android bluetooth - android examples - android programs
What is Bluetooth
- The Android platform includes support for the Bluetooth network stack, which allows a device to wirelessly exchange data with other Bluetooth devices. The application framework provides access to the Bluetooth functionality through the Android Bluetooth APIs. These APIs let applications wirelessly connect to other Bluetooth devices, enabling point-to-point and multipoint wireless features. Android platform includes support for the Bluetooth framework that allows a device to wirelessly exchange data with other Bluetooth devices. Bluetooth is a way to exchange data with other devices wirelessly. Android provides Bluetooth API to perform several tasks such as:
- scan bluetooth devices
- connect and transfer data from and to other devices
- manage multiple connections etc.
Android Bluetooth API
- The android.bluetooth package provides a lot of interfaces classes to work with bluetooth such as:
- BluetoothAdapter
- BluetoothDevice
- BluetoothSocket
- BluetoothServerSocket
- BluetoothClass
- BluetoothProfile
- BluetoothProfile.ServiceListener
- BluetoothHeadset
- BluetoothA2dp
- BluetoothHealth
- BluetoothHealthCallback
- BluetoothHealthAppConfiguration
- android-preferences-example
BluetoothAdapter class
- By the help of BluetoothAdapter class, we can perform fundamental tasks such as initiate device discovery, query a list of paired (bonded) devices, create a BluetoothServerSocket instance to listen for connection requests etc.
Constants of BluetoothAdapter class
- BluetoothAdapter class provides many constants. Some of them are as follows:
- String ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE
- String ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE
- String ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED
- String ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED
Methods of BluetoothAdapter class
- Commonly used methods of BluetoothAdapter class are as follows:
- static synchronized BluetoothAdapter getDefaultAdapter() returns the instance of BluetoothAdapter.
- boolean enable() enables the bluetooth adapter if it is disabled.
- boolean isEnabled() returns true if the bluetooth adapter is enabled.
- boolean disable() disables the bluetooth adapter if it is enabled.
- String getName() returns the name of the bluetooth adapter.
- boolean setName(String name) changes the bluetooth name.
- int getState() returns the current state of the local bluetooth adapter.
- Set<BluetoothDevice> getBondedDevices() returns a set of paired (bonded) BluetoothDevice objects.
- boolean startDiscovery() starts the discovery process.
Android Bluetooth Example: enable, disable and make discovrable bluetooth programmatically
- You need to write few lines of code only, to enable or disable the bluetooth.
activity_main.xml
- Drag one textview and three buttons from the pallete, now the activity_main.xml file will like this:
- File: activity_main.xml
<RelativeLayout xmlns:androclass="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity" >
<TextView android:text=""
android:id="@+id/out"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
</TextView>
<Button
android:id="@+id/button1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:layout_marginLeft="30dp"
android:layout_marginTop="49dp"
android:text="TURN_ON" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/button1"
android:layout_below="@+id/button1"
android:layout_marginTop="27dp"
android:text="DISCOVERABLE" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button3"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/button2"
android:layout_below="@+id/button2"
android:layout_marginTop="28dp"
android:text="TURN_OFF" />
</RelativeLayout>
click below button to copy the code from android tutorial team
Provide Permission
- You need to provide following permissions in AndroidManifest.xml file.
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
click below button to copy the code from android tutorial team
- The full code of AndroidManifest.xml file is given below.
- File: AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:androclass="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.bluetooth"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion="8"
android:targetSdkVersion="16" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
<activity
android:name="com.example.bluetooth.MainActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
</manifest>
click below button to copy the code from android tutorial team
Activity class
- Let's write the code to enable, disable and make bluetooth discoverable.
- File: MainActivity.java
package com.example.bluetooth;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private static final int REQUEST_ENABLE_BT = 0;
private static final int REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE_BT = 0;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
final TextView out=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.out);
final Button button1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
final Button button2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button2);
final Button button3 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button3);
final BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) {
out.append("device not supported");
}
button1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
Intent enableBtIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
startActivityForResult(enableBtIntent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT);
}
}
});
button2.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {
//out.append("MAKING YOUR DEVICE DISCOVERABLE");
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "MAKING YOUR DEVICE DISCOVERABLE",
Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
Intent enableBtIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);
startActivityForResult(enableBtIntent, REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE_BT);
}
}
});
button3.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View arg0) {
mBluetoothAdapter.disable();
//out.append("TURN_OFF BLUETOOTH");
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "TURNING_OFF BLUETOOTH", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
}
});
}
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_main, menu);
return true;
}
}