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String#at
Returns a substring of a string object. Same interface as String#[]
str = "hello"
str.at(0) # => "h"
str.at(1..3) # => "ell"
str.at(-2) # => "l"
str.at(-2..-1) # => "lo"
str.at(5) # => nil
str.at(5..-1) # => ""
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String#from
Returns a substring from the given position to the end of the string.
str = "hello"
str.from(0) # => "hello"
str.from(3) # => "lo"
str.from(-2) # => "lo"
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String#to
Returns a substring from the beginning of the string to the given position. If the position is negative, it is counted from the end of the string.
str = "hello"
str.to(0) # => "h"
str.to(3) # => "hell"
str.to(-2) # => "hell"
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from and to can be used in tandem.
str = "hello"
str.from(0).to(-1) # => "hello"
str.from(1).to(-2) # => "ell"
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String#first
Returns the first character, or a given number of characters up to the length of the string.
str = "hello"
str.first # => "h"
str.first(1) # => "h"
str.first(2) # => "he"
str.first(0) # => ""
str.first(6) # => "hello"
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String#last
Returns the last character, or a given number of characters from the end of the string counting backwards.
str = "hello"
str.last # => "o"
str.last(1) # => "o"
str.last(2) # => "lo"
str.last(0) # => ""
str.last(6) # => "hello"