C++ Operator Overloading - Learn C++ - C++ Tutorial - C++ programming
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Operator Overloading in C++
- In programming, operator overloading, sometimes termed operator ad hoc polymorphism, is a specific case of polymorphism, where different operators have different implementations depending on their arguments.
- Operator overloading is generally defined by a programming language, a programmer, or both.
- This feature in C++ programming that allows programmer to redefine the meaning of an operator (when they operate on class objects) is known as operator overloading.
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Why is operator overloading used?
- You can write any C++ program without the knowledge of operator overloading. However, operator operating is profoundly used by programmers to make program intuitive. For example,
- You can replace the code like:
calculation = add(multiply(a, b),divide(a, b));
- To
calculation = (a*b)+(a/b);
learn c++ tutorials - operator overloading in c++ Example
How to overload operators in C++ programming?
- To overload an operator, a special operator function is defined inside the class as:
class className
{
... .. ...
public
returnType operator symbol (arguments)
{
... .. ...
}
... .. ...
};- Here, returnType is the return type of the function.
- The returnType of the function is followed by operator keyword.
- Symbol is the operator symbol you want to overload. Like: +, <, -, ++
- You can pass arguments to the operator function in similar way as functions.
Example: Operator overloading in C++ Programming
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Test
{
private:
int count;
public:
Test(): count(5){}
void operator ++()
{
count = count+1;
}
void Display() { cout<<"Count: "<<count; }
};
int main()
{
Test t;
// this calls "function void operator ++()" function
++t;
t.Display();
return 0;
}
Output
Count: 6
- This function is called when ++ operator operates on the object of Test class (object t in this case).
- In the program,void operator ++ () operator function is defined (inside Test class).
- This function increments the value of count by 1 for t object.
learn c++ tutorials - operator overloading in c++ Example