What is Binary Tree in Data Structures ?

  • Binary tree is a special type of data structure. In binary tree, every node can have a maximum of 2 children, which are known as Left child and Right Child.
  • It is a method of placing and locating the records in a database, especially when all the data is known to be in random access memory (RAM).
  • A binary tree has the benefits of both an ordered array and a linked list as search is as quick as in a sorted array and insertion or deletion operation are as fast as in linked list.
What is Binary Tree in Data Structures

Representation of Binary Tree using Array

  • Binary tree using array represents a node which is numbered sequentially level by level from left to right. Even empty nodes are numbered.

Sample Code

// JAVA implementation of tree using array 
// numbering starting from 0 to n-1. 
import java.util.*;
import java.lang.*;
import java.io.*;

class bTree {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        btree_Array obj = new btree_Array();
        obj.Root("P");
        // obj.set_Left("Q", 0); 
        obj.set_Right("R", 0);
        obj.set_Left("S", 1);
        obj.set_Right("T", 1);
        obj.set_Left("U", 2);
        obj.print_Tree();
    }
}

class btree_Array {
    static int root = 0;
    static String[] s = new String[10];

    /*create root*/
    public void Root(String key) {
        s[0] = key;
    }

    /*create left son of root*/
    public void set_Left(String key, int root) {
        int t = (root * 2) + 1;

        if (s[root] == null) {
            System.out.printf("Can't set child at %d, no parent found\n", t);
        } else {
            s[t] = key;
        }
    }

    /*create right son of root*/
    public void set_Right(String key, int root) {
        int t = (root * 2) + 2;

        if (s[root] == null) {
            System.out.printf("Can't set child at %d, no parent found\n", t);
        } else {
            s[t] = key;
        }
    }

    public void print_Tree() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            if (s[i] != null)
                System.out.print(s[i]);
            else
                System.out.print("-");

        }
    }
}

Output

Can't set child at 3, no parent found
Can't set child at 4, no parent found
P-R--U----

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